Ana amfani da kofuna na filastik a matsayin kwantena guda ɗaya{0} amfani a rayuwar zamani. Saboda tasirin abin da suke samarwa a muhalli, mutane da yawa suna kula da su. Kamar yadda core kayan aiki a cikin masana'antu tsari,Injin Kera Kofin Filastikyana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan dorewar dukkanin sassan samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da makamashi, zubar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu, zubar da sharar gida, da dai sauransu. Wannan takarda ta yi nazarin tasirin muhalli na waɗannan na'urori daga ma'auni biyar: amfani da makamashi, gurɓataccen iska, gurɓataccen ruwa, tsaftacewa mai tsabta da kuma gurɓataccen hayaniya.
1.Energy amfani: da Dual kalubale na babban makamashi amfani da kuma high carbon watsi
Mahimman matakai na masana'antar kofin filastik, gami da dumama takarda, ƙirƙira ƙira da rabuwar naushi, suna buƙatar mahimman abubuwan shigar da kuzari. A lokacin gyare-gyaren thermal, alal misali, zanen filastik dole ne a mai tsanani zuwa digiri 180-220 don sassaukar da gyare-gyaren, yayin da tsarin sanyaya mold dole ne ya ci gaba da aiki don kula da yadda ya dace. Matsakaici kayan aikin samar da kofin filastik ana ƙididdige su a 50-100 kW., bisa ga bayanan masana'antu. Idan ana sarrafa na tsawon sa'o'i takwas a kowace rana, amfanin wutar lantarki na shekara-shekara zai kasance tsakanin 146,{9}},000 kWh, daidai da ton 116.8-233.6 na iskar CO2 (dangane da iskar CO2 na 0.8 kg/kWh).
Dabarun Ingantawa:
Haɓaka kayan aiki: maye gurbin injunan asynchronous na gargajiya tare da injin servo, ɗaukar fasahar sarrafa saurin saurin mitar, yin amfani da makamashi da saurin samarwa daidai, rage yawan kuzari da kashi 15-30%.
Farfadowar Zafin Sharar gida: Shigar da masu musayar zafi a cikin tsarin sanyaya gyare-gyare don mayar da zafin sharar gida don dumama albarkatun ƙasa ko dumama bita. Aikace-aikace masu amfani sun nuna cewa wannan na iya rage yawan amfani da iskar gas da fiye da 30%.
Haɗin makamashi mai tsafta: Haɗa tsarin hasken rana na photovoltaic (PV) tare da samar da wutar lantarki a wuraren rana yana ƙara rage sawun carbon.
2. gurɓacewar iska: ƙalubalen sarrafa ƙalubale masu ƙarfi
VOC tana fitar da samar da kofuna na filastik yana faruwa a lokacin yin allura, bugu da narkewar zafi kuma galibi sun haɗa da styrene, esters, alcohols da waɗanda ba -methane hydrocarbons. Idan ba a kula da su ba, waɗannan gurɓatattun za su iya ƙara haɓaka photochemical smog da haze yayin da suke yin barazana ga lafiyar ɗan adam. Misali, wanda ya kera kofunan robobi ya fuskanci hukunci saboda gazawa wajen shigar da na'urorin jiyya na shaye-shaye, wanda ya haifar da rashin yawan sinadarin methane hydrocarbon a yankin da ke kewaye da ya wuce iyaka da sau 2.3.
Fasahar Gudanarwa:
Zeolite Rotor Concentration + Catalytic Oxidation: adsorption na m Organic mahadi ta hydrophobic zeolite kwayoyin sieves, sa'an nan desorption na maras tabbas kwayoyin mahadi ta zafi iska, samar da babban taro na shaye gas. Catalytic oxidation yana lalata gurɓataccen abu zuwa CO2 da ruwa. Aikin masana'antar kayan aikin mota don cimma ƙimar cirewar methane hydrocarbon wanda ba - ba fiye da 98%, ana sarrafa yawan fitar da iska ƙasa 15 mg/m3.
Kunna Carbon Adsorption + Regenerative Catalytic Oxidation (RCO): dace da ƙarancin maida hankali, iskar gas mai girma, wannan hanyar tana tattara gurɓataccen iska ta hanyar carbon da aka kunna kafin iskar oxygen ta catalytic. Aikin bitar fenti ya nuna kashi 90 cikin 100 na farfadowar zafi, inda ya tanadi kusan kashi 30 cikin 100 na iskar gas a shekara.
Cryogenic Plasma + Photocatalysis: Wannan dabarar tana haifar da plasma ta hanyar babban fitarwar wutar lantarki kuma yana haɗuwa tare da photocatalysts don rushe mahadi masu canzawa, amma yana buƙatar maye gurbin lokaci-lokaci na mai kara kuzari don kiyaye inganci.
3. Gurbacewar Ruwa: Bambance-bambancen Maganin Samar da Ruwan Sharar Ruwa da Ruwan sanyaya
Gurbacewar ruwa wajen samar da kofunan robobi na zuwa ne daga manyan hanyoyi guda biyu: bugu da tsaftace ruwan datti da ke dauke da tawada da sauran abubuwa, da sanyaya ruwa, wanda zai iya haifar da almubazzaranci idan ba a sake sarrafa su ba. Misali, kamfanin da ke amfani da barasa{1} kayan aikin tsaftacewa da bugu baya samar da ruwan sha, amma yana bata tan 20 na ruwa a kowace rana saboda kashi 60 cikin 100 na farfadowar ruwan sanyaya.
Maganin Magani:
Rarraba Ruwan Sharar gida: Ana tattara ruwan sharar da aka buga daban da ruwan sharar gida. Bayan ''gas flotation + biochemical treatment''don saduwa da ƙa'idodin fitarwa, najasa a cikin gida bayan maganin tankin septic pretreatment ta hanyar watsawar cibiyar sadarwa na birni.
Rufe -Tsarin sanyaya madaukai: An maye gurbin hasumiya mai sanyaya buɗaɗɗen madauki da rufaffiyar tsarin sanyaya madauki, tare da matakai da yawa na sanyaya ruwa kai tsaye don rage asarar ƙashin ruwa. Kamfanin hada kayan abinci ya sami nasarar sake yin amfani da ruwa mai sanyaya kashi 95 cikin 100 ta wannan hanyar.
Sake Amfani da Ruwan da Aka Sake: Tsaftataccen ruwan sha wanda aka yi amfani da shi don tsaftace ƙasa ko ban ruwa. Wani aikin sarrafa kayan sha yana adana tan 12,000 na ruwa a shekara ta hanyar tsarin ruwa da aka sake sarrafa.
4. Sharar gida mai ƙarfi: daidaita Material Material Recycling da Haɗaɗɗen Sharar Sharar gida
Samar da kofuna na filastik yana samar da datti mai yawa, samfurori marasa lahani da sharar marufi. Rashin zubar da ciki na iya haifar da ɓarnawar albarkatu da kuma gurɓata na biyu. Misali, kamfanin da ke samar da tan 300 na kofuna na filastik yana samar da ton 15 na gyara gefuna kowace shekara. Yana ɗaukar fili 50m2 don zubar da ƙasa da ɗaruruwan shekaru don ƙasƙanta.
Hanyoyin Gudanarwa:
Gyaran ɓangarorin sake yin amfani da su: Yanke sharar cikin ƙananan ƙwallo, haxa tare da ainihin kayan da sake dawowa. Wani misali mai amfani ya nuna cewa an rage farashin albarkatun ƙasa da kashi 12-15 cikin ɗari ta wannan hanya.
Yarda da Sharar Haɗari: Adana kayan aikin carbon da kwantena tawada da aka yi amfani da su a cikin wuraren sharar da aka keɓe da kuma ƙaddamar da amintaccen zubar da hukumomin da ke da lasisi don hana gurɓacewar ƙasa da ruwan ƙasa.
Marufi mara nauyi: Sauya jakunkuna na filastik na gargajiya tare da wasu hanyoyin da za a iya lalata su ko inganta ƙira don rage amfani da kayan. Kasuwanci ɗaya yana amfani da matakan don rage amfani da filastik da tan 8 a shekara.
5. Gurɓatar Hayaniya: Haɓaka Haɓakawa na Kayan Aikin Rage Hayaniyar da Tsarin Bita
Hayaniyar buɗaɗɗen injunan ƙoƙon filastik, rufewa da naushi na iya yin haɗari ga lafiyar ma'aikaci da damun mazauna. Misali, masana'anta ba tare da matakan sarrafa amo sun yi rajistar matakan 95 dB, wanda ya wuce iyakar decibels 85 da aka saita ta ka'idojin amo na masana'antu.
Matakan sarrafawa:
Zaɓin ƙananan kayan ƙararrawa: na'ura da aka fi so tare da tsarin haɗin gwiwar kayan aiki na eccentric don aikin mold, rage amo 5 - 8 dB.
Zane-zane na Acoustic: Shigar da sauti{0}}abubuwan shanyewa akan bangon bita da tagogi masu kyalli biyu{1}. Ɗayan aikin yana amfani da waɗannan gyare-gyare don rage hayaniyar cikin gida zuwa ƙasa da 75 dB.
Haɓaka Layout: Tsara manyan kayan amo nesa da masana'anta da wuraren zama kuma yi amfani da bel ɗin kore don ƙara toshe amo.
6. Abubuwan da ke gaba: Green Manufacturing da Smart Canjin
Injin yin ƙoƙon filastik suna motsawa zuwa kore, injunan wayo kamar yadda burin tsaka tsaki na carbon ke fitar da ƙirƙira Wani kamfani, alal misali, ya ƙera injin kofin filastik na halitta don sarrafa kayan takarda ta haɓaka ƙirar ƙira da sigogin hatimin zafi, tare da ƙimar cancantar samfur 99.2%. An sanye shi da tsarin IoT, ainihin{2}} sa ido kan bayanan samarwa, daidaitawa ta atomatik, yawan kuzarin shekara-shekara ya ragu da sama da 10%.
Ƙarshe:
Tasirin muhalli naroba kofin yin injidangane da amfani da makamashi, gurɓataccen iska/ruwa, sarrafa shara da hayaniya. Kamfanoni na iya haɓaka kayan haɓaka kayan aiki, haɓaka tsari, sarrafa tasha, canji mai hankali, da dai sauransu, yayin da suke kiyaye ingancin samarwa, da rage tasirin muhalli sosai. Tare da haɓaka fasahar masana'anta kore, ana sa ran masana'antar kofin filastik za su fahimci daidaiton fa'idodin tattalin arziki da muhalli.
